Semantics, Metaphysics and Mereology in Aquinas
The Inherence Theory of Predication
x is F if and only if (iff) the
F-ness of x is actual
Important instances of the foregoing schema
- x is
a being (ens) iff the act of
being (esse) of x is actual (x
may be any object)
- x is
alive (vivens)
iff x’s life (vita) is actual
- x is
animate (animatum)
iff the soul (anima) of x is
actual
- x is
sighted iff the sight of x is actual
- x is
blind iff the blindness of x is actual
- x is
human iff the humanity of x is actual
- x is
rational animal iff x’s rationality and
animality are actual
- x is
a body (corpus) iff the
corporeity (corporeitas)
of x is actual
Metaphysical questions
I.
How are the items referred to in right-hand-side of 1-3
related?
II.
Can the items referred to in 1-8 be entities or beings
in the same sense?
III.
How are the items referred to in 6-8 related to each
other?
Mereological questions
- How
do we distinguish parts in an undivided unit?
- What
is the ontological status of the parts so distinguished?
- Are
the parts really or merely conceptually distinct entities?
- What
does it mean that essence comprises both matter and form?
- What
is the difference between designated and non-designated matter?